Zu dem Thema der Wasserrückgewinnung aus Urin ein paar Zusatzinfos;
Ein paar Schutzrechte sind auf die Schnelle zu finden. Alle mindestens in RU und US Angemeldet und noch eins aus/in JP. Die Abstracts aus den Offenlegungen habe ich jeweils kursiv zitiert:
Damit kann man in Englisch ins Thema „einzutauchen und schnüffeln“:
Am Anfang mal eine Pressemitteilung eines japanischen Wasseraufbereitungsherstellers (Kurita Water Industries Ltd.) , der auch mit der JAXA zusammenarbeitet und perspektivisch sein System in einem Raumstationsmodul einsetzen will:
Ist zwar Stand 2015 – zeigt aber auch ein bisschen vom Verfahren.
Ionenaustausch –> Elektrolyse –> Elektrodialyse
http://www.kurita.co.jp/english/aboutus/press151002.htmlDa gibt es eine Schutzrechtsfamilie mit mehreren Anmeldungen. Erteilung erst in Japan.
Mal exemplarisch die US Anmeldung aus der Familie:
https://depatisnet.dpma.de/DepatisNet/depatisnet?action=bibdat&docid=US020150353401A1Abstract: Source: US2015353401A [EN] A water recovery system can treat water in a confined space. The wastewater treatment system includes a cation-exchange device in which water to be treated, such as wastewater originating in a space station, water discharged by the human body, water produced by condensing water vapor contained in the air, is directly introduced to a cation-exchange resin and thereby treated by cation exchange; a diamond-electrode electrolysis device in which organic substances, urea, and other nitrogen compounds contained in water discharged from the cation-exchange device are decomposed; a catalytic decomposition device in which the residual organic component is brought into contact with a catalyst to be decomposed; an electrodialysis device in which water discharged from the catalytic decomposition device is treated by electrodialysis to produce desalted water as well as an acid and an alkali; and a mineral adding device in which a mineral is added to the desalted water.
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-Russische Schutzrechte mit schon jeweils älterem Priodatum gibt es auch. Dabei ist das jüngste Schutzrecht, was ich gefunden habe – Anmeldung 1998.
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?CC=RU&NR=2127627C1&KC=C1&FT=D&ND=&date=19990320&DB=&locale=en_EP#Hier ist ein Verfahren mit Vakuum Destillation und Wärmeaustauschplatte, Verdampfer- und Kondensationszone beschrieben.
Abstract: Source: US6258215B [EN] The system for the recovery of water from urine aboard spacecraft includes a urine intake and pretreatment unit, a unit for water reclamation from urine and a condensate purification unit. The unit for water reclamation from urine is made on the basis of a rotary multistage vacuum distiller, each stage of which is formed by at least one heat-transfer plate and comprises an evaporation zone and a condensation zone. The stages of the distiller are separated from each other by separation plates, a chamber for collecting condensate and noncondensable gases being disposed downstream of the last stage and communicated with all the condensation zones of all the stages through water seals of condensate overflow and openings for the removal of noncondensable gases in disks mounted in the condensation zones. The distiller also includes a loop for circulation of the aqueous solution being evaporated, a device for supplying heat to the first stage and removing heat from the last stage, and lines for discharging condensate, noncondensable gases, and concentrate of the aqueous solution being evaporated.
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-Etwas älter – 1992er Anmeldung:
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?CC=RU&NR=2070149C1&KC=C1&FT=D&ND=&date=19961210&DB=&locale=en_EP#Abstract: Source: US5643457A [EN] A method for water recovery from the atmosphere of a habitable pressurized module laden with water vapors released by the inhabitants of said pressurized module, comprising the steps of condensing vapor to produce a gas-liquid mixture, filtering said mixture, carrying out catalytic oxidation of undissociating organic compounds contained in the gas-liquid mixture into dissociating ones by means of a metal-carbon catalyst containing at least one metal of the platinum group, separating condensate from said mixture, sorption-purification of condensate by passing it through activated carbon and ionites followed by disinfection, mineralization and preservation of purified condensate. The system for realization of said method comprises a successively arranged means for condensation of water vapors, a filter, a catalytic oxidation reaction vessel, a condensate separation unit, a sorption purification unit and a water conditioning unit.-
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Und ein „altes“ von 1987 – dann wahrscheinlich im „MIR Umfeld“ entwickelt worden.
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?CC=SU&NR=1597206A1&KC=A1&FT=D&ND=&date=19901007&DB=&locale=en_EP#Abstract: Source: SU1597206A Machine translation: Invention relates to the field of space technology and can be used for preparing water from bodily performance products in humans a long flight. The aim of the invention is to simplify the system and reducing its mass. In the water recovery system, comprising in series along the product recovered product container a regeneratable filter purification from mechanical impurities booster flow of starting material to product purification device salts and collection of pure water, the cleaning device of the salt products formed as a multichamber electrodialysis input tubes are connected to the output flow booster. The outlet is connected to the purified water electrodialysis conduit provided signaling impurity concentration distribution with a crane on a single output which is installed clean water collection, and the other output tap coupled to the input pipeline booster flow of starting material. Outlet connection electrodialysis of concentrated urine is connected to the collection of waste and concentrated to an input stimulus flow conduit provided signaling concentration and flow to the input stimulus conduit provided signaling concentration and distribution valve. Outputs electrode chambers connected via electrodialysis distribution channel tap with additional capacity starting product pipeline with the flow driving force, the second channel distribution tap connected to the collection of concentrated wastes. Outputs electrode chambers are connected by pipelines electrodialysis provided with gas-liquid separator in E, with additional capacity of the original product, and the output stimulus flow through the pipeline shut-off valve is connected to the input stimulus electrode flow chambers. 2 yl.
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In den Citations kann man noch viele Treffer finden – die neuesten mit Umkehrosmose und anderen Verfahren. Also auf dem Gebiet ist noch was im Gange – ist ja in beiderlei Richtungen (Entsorgung und Recycling) sinnvoll.
dksk
